Study: the rate of fabricated references in biomedical papers has grown 12x+ since 2023; in early 2026, one in 277 papers had at least one non-existent citation (Tristan Bove/Fortune)
Culture Index
Score Breakdown
Relevance
3/25
Freshness
24/25
Authority
25/20
Brand Signal
6/15
Depth
4/15
5-Axis Cultural Radar
Tristan Bove / Fortune : Study: the rate of fabricated references in biomedical papers has grown 12x+ since 2023; in early 2026, one in 277 papers had at least one non-existent citation — It was a process that had become routine for Maxim Topaz. — The associate professor at Columbia University's School of Nursing …
